According to researchers from the Medical College of Georgia, a protein that is helpful in regulating expression of androgen receptors may prove to be a new focal point for staging and treating testosterone-fueled prostate cancer.

It was noted that levels of the protein, βarrestin2, were lower in certain prostate cancer cells than in normal prostate cells. It was also noted that the expression of testosterone-fed androgen receptors is higher in such cases.

The findings were reported in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Online Early Edition.

From Sciencedaily.com:

With increased numbers of androgen receptors, prostate cancer can make use of the limited testosterone available after a diseased prostate gland is removed or after testosterone production is blocked by drug therapy. In fact, the increased number of androgen receptors may mutate so they can start feeding off other steroids or even growth factors, Dr. Daaka says.

These wily skills help explain why cancer returns despite initially promising treatment results.

“It is clear that signaling by the androgen receptor is paramount for not only the initiation but also the progression of the disease, including escape to a hormone-refractory disease,” he says. Moves androgen receptors make to support cancer growth make it “unbeatable at this point,” for some patients.

However increased levels of βarrestin2 appear to halt the potentially deadly increase in androgen receptor expression, the MCG research team has found.

The study’s corresponding author, Dr. Yehia Daaka, Distinguished Chair in Oncologic Pathology in the MCG School of Medicine, said that an increase in the volume of androgen receptors is considered to be behind prostate cancer progression in men with advanced complication.

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