The manner in which genes are expressed in rodents is affected by intermittent signaling by steroid hormones, according to a research by scientists at the University of Bristol and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA.

The research appeared online and appeared in the September 2009 issue of Nature Cell Biology.

From News-Medical.Net:

In this new study, the researchers demonstrate that ultradian hormone stimulation induces the pulsed expression of genes (known as gene pulsing) over the same period, both in cultured cells and in animal models. Initially, the researchers administered corticosterone, a naturally occurring glucocorticoid hormone in rodents, in a pulsed manner to cultured mouse cells and then observed that the levels of newly synthesized RNA from glucocorticoid receptor-regulated genes tracked precisely with the hormone pulses.

The reported research results argue that gene pulsing regulated by glucocorticoid receptors is directly linked to varying levels of gene activity. Professor Stafford Lightman, head of the Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, at the University of Bristol, said: “We have previously shown that the hormone cortisol is released in pulses in man as well as rodents. The present results now show that this pattern of hormone release is critical for good health and provides a novel concept for new drug design.”

The finding is expected to have implications for understanding how steroids work and can help in opening up novel avenues for development of new therapies.

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According to a recent research, progression of prostate cancer and reduction in efficacy of anti-cancer drugs can be stimulated by hormonal components in over-the-counter dietary supplements.

This discovery by researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center appeared in an issue of Clinical Cancer Research and reaffirmed that people visiting the doctors’ offices must inform them about any herbal or hormonal dietary supplements they are taking or considering taking.

From News-Medical.Net:

“Physicians need to ask their patients not only about the prescription drugs they may be taking, but – perhaps even more importantly – about the over-the-counter drugs and supplements, which may have a profound impact on certain health conditions,” said Dr. Claus Roehrborn, chairman of urology  at UT Southwestern and one of the study’s authors.

The researchers began their investigation when two patients being seen by UT Southwestern doctors developed aggressive prostate cancer within months of starting daily consumption of the same dietary supplement. Both men purchased the same product, one to develop stronger muscles and enhance sexual performance, the other to gain muscle.

Dr. Roehrborn, Dr. Shahrokh Shariat, a resident in urology and the study’s lead author, and their colleagues analyzed the supplement, which is not named in the study. They found that the product’s label listed ingredients that were not present, misrepresented the concentrations of the ingredients present and failed to list all the steroid hormones contained in the product.

It was recommended by the researchers that documentation of supplement use becomes part of routine health assessment for all patients, especially cancer patients.

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According to a research that has major implications for understanding how steroids work and can open novel avenues for new therapies, scientists at the University of Bristol and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA have found that intermittent signaling by steroid hormones may affect the way genes are expressed in rodents.

The findings were published online and appeared in the September 2009 issue of Nature Cell Biology.

From News-Medical.Net:

The release of hormones by the body’s glands can occur in an episodic, or ultradian, pattern, which consists of repeated periods of release that take place throughout a 24-hour, or circadian, period. Glucocorticoid hormones, which were investigated in this study, are steroid hormones secreted by the adrenal glands that are involved in a large variety of animal and human physiological responses.

Glucocorticoids act through the glucocorticoid receptor, which is expressed in almost every cell in the body and regulates genes controlling development, metabolism, and immune response.

Professor Stafford Lightman, head of the Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology at the University of Bristol, said the results suggest that the pattern of hormone release is critical for good health besides offering a novel concept for new drug design.

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A research by scientists at the University of Bristol and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA has suggested that intermittent signaling by steroid hormones has the potential of affecting the manner by which genes are expressed in rodents.

This finding is expected to provide significant implications to understand how steroids operate and open up novel avenues for new therapies.

From News-Medical.Net:

In this new study, the researchers demonstrate that ultradian hormone stimulation induces the pulsed expression of genes (known as gene pulsing) over the same period, both in cultured cells and in animal models. Initially, the researchers administered corticosterone, a naturally occurring glucocorticoid hormone in rodents, in a pulsed manner to cultured mouse cells and then observed that the levels of newly synthesized RNA from glucocorticoid receptor-regulated genes tracked precisely with the hormone pulses.

The reported research results argue that gene pulsing regulated by glucocorticoid receptors is directly linked to varying levels of gene activity. Professor Stafford Lightman, head of the Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, at the University of Bristol, said: “We have previously shown that the hormone cortisol is released in pulses in man as well as rodents. The present results now show that this pattern of hormone release is critical for good health and provides a novel concept for new drug design.”

The findings were published online and appeared in the September 2009 issue of Nature Cell Biology.

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Scientists have reported the first discovery of the female sex hormone, progesterone, in a plant. This finding is considered by many as an overturn from conventional wisdom.

The discovery was reported in the American Chemical Society’s Journal of Natural Products, a monthly publication.

From News-Medical.Net:

“The significance of the unequivocal identification of progesterone cannot be overstated,” the article by Guido F. Pauli and colleagues, states. “While the biological role of progesterone has been extensively studied in mammals, the reason for its presence in plants is less apparent.” They speculate that the hormone, like other steroid hormones, might be an ancient bioregulator that evolved billions of years ago, before the appearance of modern plants and animals. The new discovery may change scientific understanding of the evolution and function of progesterone in living things.

Scientists previously identified progesterone-like substances in plants and speculated that the hormone itself could exist in plants. But researchers had not found the actual hormone in plants until now. Pauli and colleagues used two powerful laboratory techniques, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy, to detect progesterone in leaves of the Common Walnut, or English Walnut, tree. They also identified five new progesterone-related steroids in a plant belonging to the buttercup family.

The involved researchers made use of two powerful laboratory techniques, nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectroscopy, for detecting progesterone in leaves of the Common Walnut, or English walnut, tree.

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Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (OP) is now treatable with Teriparatide, which is a synthetic form of the human parathyroid hormone, according to a recent study.

It was found by the researchers that patients with glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis and treated with teriparatide for a period of 36 months had a significant increase in BMD (bone mineral density) and fewer new vertebral fractures than those treated with alendronate.

From Sciencedaily.com:

Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones that are naturally produced in the body or synthetically created compounds (drugs) used to reduce inflammation. These steroid drugs are used to control inflammation in patients with such autoimmune diseases as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and Crohn’s disease as well as inflammatory conditions such as asthma. Glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis occurs when patients taking steroid medications such as prednisone, prednisolone, dexamethasone, and cortisone exhibit reduced bone mass and bone strength.

This 36-month, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, led by Kenneth Saag, M.D., from the University of Alabama, was conducted at 76 centers located in 13 countries. A total of 428 patients between the ages of 22-89 with confirmed OP who had received greater than 5 mg/day of prednisone or equivalent for more than 3 months preceding screening were included. Research measures included changes in lumbar spine and hip bone, BMD, changes in bone biomarkers, fracture incidence, and safety.

The findings of this study were published in the November issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism, a journal of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR).

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As per a research by scientists at the University of Bristol and the National Cancer Institute (NCI), USA, gene activity can be affected via intermittent signaling by steroid hormones.

These findings were published online and appeared in the September 2009 issue of Nature Cell Biology.

It is believed that this finding would have major implications to ascertain how steroids work besides opening novel avenues to new therapies.

From News-Medical.Net:

In this new study, the researchers demonstrate that ultradian hormone stimulation induces the pulsed expression of genes (known as gene pulsing) over the same period, both in cultured cells and in animal models. Initially, the researchers administered corticosterone, a naturally occurring glucocorticoid hormone in rodents, in a pulsed manner to cultured mouse cells and then observed that the levels of newly synthesized RNA from glucocorticoid receptor-regulated genes tracked precisely with the hormone pulses.

The reported research results argue that gene pulsing regulated by glucocorticoid receptors is directly linked to varying levels of gene activity. Professor Stafford Lightman, head of the Henry Wellcome Laboratories for Integrative Neuroscience and Endocrinology, at the University of Bristol, said: “We have previously shown that the hormone cortisol is released in pulses in man as well as rodents. The present results now show that this pattern of hormone release is critical for good health and provides a novel concept for new drug design.”

It is considered by members of the medical fraternity that such studies would help in defining the potential role of ultradian application of glucocorticoid receptor therapy to a significant extent.

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According to findings of a recent study that was published in the November issue of Arthritis & Rheumatism, a journal of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (OP) is easily treatable with Teriparatide, a synthetic form of the human parathyroid hormone.

Glucocorticoids are steroid hormones, which are produced naturally in the body and can be termed as synthetically created compounds meant for the purpose of reducing inflammation. These steroid drugs are used for controlling inflammation in patients suffering with ailments such as rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, asthma, and Crohn’s disease.

From News-Medical.Net:

“There is a significant number of individuals who are regularly treated with steroids to control inflammation which puts them at risk for developing osteoporosis. A need for therapies that mitigate this side-effect of steroid use and substantially improves bone mass is vital,” commented Dr. Saag. The ACR estimates that diseases commonly treated with (cortico)steroids may affect more than 30 million Americans. “Our research shows that teriparatide is a safe and effective treatment for patients with steroid-induced OA and should be considered as a therapeutic option for those at high risk of bone fracture,” recommended Dr. Saag.

Kenneth Saag, M.D., from the University of Alabama, led this 36-month, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, and recommended that teriparatide is an effective treatment option for patients with steroid-induced OA.

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Researchers at UT Southwestern Medical Center have discovered that progression of prostate cancer may be promoted and a reduction in the effectiveness of anti-cancer drugs may be experienced with the presence of hormonal components in over-the-counter dietary supplements.

The findings, which appear in today’s issue of Clinical Cancer Research, reaffirm that patients must communicate their doctors about their present or expected use of herbal or hormonal dietary supplements before seeking an advice.

From News-Medical.Net:

“Bicalutamide is an oral nonsteroidal anti-androgen used to treat prostate cancer,” Dr. Shariat said. “The fact that this supplement caused the drug to be less effective is very troubling.”

Based on the clinical data and cell culture experiments, the researchers filed an adverse event report with the Food and Drug Administration. The government agency in turn issued a warning letter to the manufacturers, which led to the removal of the product from the market.

“Unlike prescription and over-the-counter drugs, the law does not require nutritional supplements to undergo pre-market approval for safety and efficacy,” Dr. Shariat said. “The current FDA regulatory system provides little oversight or assurances that dietary supplements will have predictable pharmacological effects or even that product labels provide accurate information for consumers.”

Dr. Roehrborn, Dr. Shahrokh Shariat, a resident in urology and the study’s lead author, and their colleagues analyzed the supplement and found that product label listed ingredients were either not present or misrepresented about concentrations of the present ingredients and even failed to list all the containing steroid hormones in the product.

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According to a new research at the University of California, San Francisco, C. elegans, the common research worm is not only able to use heat-sensing nerve cells for regulating response to hot environmental conditions but can also control its aging pace as a result of that heat.

This study is reported in the online early edition of the journal Current Biology.

The new finding has turned upside down an assumption about how cold-blooded animals make response to and regulate heat, according to the researchers.

From Sciencedaily.com:

Humans and other warm-blooded animals have a mechanism that enables us to maintain a constant temperature as our environment heats up or cools. Kenyon said most textbooks explain that worms and other ectotherms cannot do that.

“It’s true that worms don’t regulate their body temperature, but they do regulate their response to high temperature, slowing down processes that would otherwise go much faster. In fact, they even use steroid hormones to do this, just as we do to regulate our temperature,” she said, noting that this might have been a very early evolutionary link between cold- and warm-blooded animals.

C. elegans has been known to have thermosensory or heat-sensing neurons, which allow the worms to move towards temperatures they associate with food. If the “chemical reaction” theory were accurate, worms at a constant hotter temperature would age at the same fast rate, whether their thermosensory neurons perceived the heat or not.

The researchers propose that this thermosensory system is what allows C. elegans to reduce the effect that warm temperature could have otherwise have on the processes affecting aging that is something that warm-blooded animals do by regulating the temperature itself.

UCSF Professor Cynthia Kenyon, PhD, who was senior researcher on the paper, said that the system may allow the animal to continue maintaining a more normal aging rate even if the temperature conditions rise.

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